EN 16989 Explanation | Railway Vehicle Seat Fire Test EN 16989:2018 & EN 45545-2:2020 In EN 45545-2:2013+A1:2015 Annex A & B, introduces the complete seat fire test, testing three groups of damaged seats but not considering the case of undamaged seats. It was found that the seats that met EN 45545-2 ...
The Invention of Cone Calorimeter There are many test methods to evaluate the reaction to fire performance of materials, such as the Small Flame Source Test (ISO 11925-2), Oxygen Index (LOI) Test (ISO 4589-2, ASTM D2863), Horizontal and Vertical Flammability Test (UL 94), NBS Smoke Density Test (ISO ...
On March 12, 2025, UL officially released ANSI/CAN/UL9540A-2025 "Battery Energy Storage System Thermal Runaway Propagation Test". As the world's first special safety specification for thermal runaway propagation of energy storage systems, this revision took 16 months, 27 rounds of technical ...
What is the EN 45545?EN 45545 is the mandatory European standard for materials used in the manufacture of rail vehicles. It aims to protect passengers and staff from fire on board railway vehicles. EN 45545 was published in 2013, and became a mandatory requirement throughout Europe in 2016. All ...